Ethics of Us Army Free Essays

Moral CULTURE AUDIT of the United States Army By: Andrew Driscoll March 16, 2013 Each trooper in the United States Army, or any military help, will have totally different encounters with the moral culture of their unit. Is this experience because of the authoritative culture or how its pioneers work inside that culture that makes such a one of a kind encounter for each trooper? The fact of the matter is that on the off chance that you request that 10 officers lead a moral culture review of the military, I trust you will find 10 distinct solutions that fall on all focuses on the continuum. Reactions that the Army is exceptionally moral would originate from fighters who have â€Å"internalized social expectations† (p. We will compose a custom article test on Morals of Us Army or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now 152). Since the Army has such a solid culture, moral or not, there are continually going to be people who battle that culture and oppose the â€Å"internalization† of a few or all the qualities. Regularly these warriors separate from the military during their underlying preparing or when their first time duty is up, normally 2-3 years. From my experience the United States Army has a profoundly moral culture. One could locate any of a few dozen embarrassments or examinations from Abu Grhaib jail maltreatment to the 101st Airborne fighters assaulting and executing a group of five in Iraq to counter my evaluation. Be that as it may, I contend that these episodes happened notwithstanding the solid culture, where a mix of â€Å"individual character traits† (p. 198) or potentially injury endured in battle tasks made untrustworthy conduct opposite the moral preparing they got. To help forestall such episodes and furthermore study conduct the US Army has built up the Center for the Army Profession and Ethic. Since 2008 the Army has joined the exploration from this association and prepared its mid-level pioneers to actualize its discoveries at the unit level. To have an exceptionally moral association, you need administration that is focused on ceaseless improvement and not self-satisfied with the current culture. In an association with more than 500,000 dynamic warriors the attitude must be, there is consistently opportunity to get better. This mindset of persistent improvement should likewise originate from the authority of the military to be successful and executed. Like Kelleher’s theory of â€Å"serving the necessities of employees† (p. 156), the Army has a solid custom of dealing with troopers and their families so they can deal with the nation. The initiative of the Army has set up and partakes in various projects to help warriors with any issue from money related to conjugal issues. I finished my undergrad training in Finance and afterward joined the military. I had no clue about how to do my assessments and the Army showed me, not a $100,000 in addition to instruction. When I realized how to do my charges, as a lesser pioneer I was required to help my officers. Formal initiative in the military is conspicuous, from the understanding the Uniform Code of military Justice, to every day remedial activities for exceptionally minor offenses that in different associations would most likely go unnoticed. This relationship will in general be extremely formal as all standards and guidelines are recorded and prepared during your underlying 12 weeks of essential preparing. The pioneer is likewise answerable for constant preparing to remember a week by week preparation for good dynamic when off the clock. The casual angle is extremely one of a kind for every pioneer, it commonly originates from composed strategies that the pioneer allows his fighters to dis-comply. Regardless of whether it is early excusal on Friday, or a saying against guidelines, it assembles a trust a with troopers that their pioneer is their ally too. Aside from in extraordinary cases, for example, the Abu Grhaib jail unit, I have discovered that the casual frameworks are in arrangement with the proper ones and where they separate are minor to the point that it doesn't cause issues. The most ideal approach to sum up moral authority is to realize that troopers respond to your activities more than they do your words. A typical Army Office aphorism is â€Å"Lead by Example. This adage best forestalls â€Å"hypocritical leadership† (p. 162). To get the correct sort of initiative in the Army, scouts take a gander at each competitor with the SAL strategy, Student, Athlete, Leader. Up-and-comers are given a score dependent on GPA, sports, clubs and administration rolls held. The Army has generally not permitted people with a background marked by wrongdoing, sedate maltreat ment or cheating in, yet because of enrollment issues they have begun to forgo a few necessities to meet objectives. This move has been reprimanded and said to have lessened the nature of the US warrior. It was intriguing to see making objectives or the number this as the fundamental motivation to postpone esteems in Aaron’s discourse this week. It shows up no association is liberated from the strain to perform on a quantitative measure paying little mind with the impact to values. Determination for advancement in the Army is additionally thorough and has a lot of gauges that are exceptionally predictable. This forestalls extortion and any conceivable compensation from happening. For General officials their arrangements must be affirmed by Congress and top mystery exceptional status requires a polygraph test. This guarantees the countries military chiefs and people with data can be trusted and have been verified. The US Army’s values, statement of purpose and arrangements are straightforward yet have withstood the trial of time. The crucial winning the nation’s wars has stayed consistent, yet Congress has added sub-articulations to guarantee obligation and assurance of the American individuals. In history succeeding at all cost was ordinary for the military particularly in WWII. From that point forward inadvertent blow-back and fratricide are not, at this point satisfactory results to achieve the mission. The estimations of the military (administration, obligation, regard, sacrificial assistance, respect, trustworthiness, and individual mental fortitude) are imparted from the very first moment, and put on your chest directly close to your canine labels for consistently there after. It is these qualities that help heads and officers achieve the crucial the best game-plan, instead of the fastest or generally conclusive. With respect to strategies, the military has an arrangement for how to do pretty much everything. The UCMJ is only the tip of approaches in the US Army. Each branch, each machine, each unit has a manual to direct approach. Rarely does a circumstance happen in peacetime in the military that there is certifiably not a composed approach to follow. Morals preparing begins before the very first moment in the military. Before you report to starting preparing you make a vow of office or selection that characterizes your move in the military and responsibility to maintain the constitution. Ordinarily of 12 weeks in fundamental preparing you present the qualities and Ethos of the Army. In the past there had been issues that units didn't work as per singular preparing, so in the course of the most recent decade all preparation programs have been refreshed to guarantee the most ideal replication of how the â€Å"real† Army is. Organizations look for troopers after their administration for one primary explanation, they have had the best preparing in their field conceivable, and I accept this is remains constant for values also. Execution the executives in the military is organized. There is a framework set up and the main thing keeping an officer from getting a reasonable and exhaustive assessment is their own inability to self assess. Every unit has totally different execution assignments to assess, yet all troopers are assessed on the seven estimations of the Army in any event two times per year. There is additionally converse assessments where fighters have the chance to scrutinize their pioneers. In conclusion after each strategic Army conducts and after activity survey where everybody can give input. There is consistently an obligatory three positive remarks period and three improves to guarantee ceaseless improvement while staying positive. For most circumstances the military has set up a structure where it is difficult to undermine assessments. Regardless of whether the errands are group or individualized, the test outcomes are difficult to achieve without really accomplishing the work. The way to execution the board in the military is that the warrior recognizes what is anticipated from the person in question and the outcomes of not meeting those desires, like how Joe Paterno rewarded his association. The Army’s Organization structure is plot by the hierarchy of leadership. When to go above or around the levels of leadership is unmistakably characterized in UCMJ just as when you are approved to dis-comply with a request from that hierarchy of leadership. While it is anything but difficult to state it is totally recorded, application in battle is the genuine test. The administration in the association will decide if it works in the field or not. Fighters can not be frightful of revealing incorrectly doing or negative outcomes, and that descends to their pioneers to guarantee what is composed is actualized. The Military’s dynamic procedure (MDMP) is a 300 or more page manual of which I took a one month long seminar on learning the procedure. This procedure rivals six-sigma for top to bottom breaking down an issue and how to go in the best direction. The best model I can give is that MDMP alone and how it identifies with moral culture in the military could be a five-page presentation. The Informal social arrangement of the Army is the one that is generally depicted in the motion pictures and stories, from Code Reds in â€Å"A Few Good Men,† to the heroics of the Band of Brothers in WWII these are the minutes that warriors live for. We talked about the conventional assessment framework, yet the casual bond among pioneers and troopers is the thing that truly causes a fighter to play out his obligations as well as could be expected. Saints are both officially and casually perceived. For each Medal of Honor champ there are 100 fighters that have done amazing assignments that regular folks could just envision achieving. Standards, in the event that they are certain a

Management at Ace Security and Multiboost Essay - 1

The executives at Ace Security and Multiboost - Essay Example This paper represents that the need is to embrace an administration approach that gives the more prominent degree of inspiration and fulfillment to representatives that would eventually positively affect their exhibition and profitability. For this situation, the organization ought to receive a way to deal with the board that targets giving advantages to workers and compensating them for their presentation. These prizes are paid notwithstanding the essential installments got by the representatives The term complete prize is utilized to characterize what representatives receive as an end-result of the work done by them notwithstanding the remuneration and advantages. This all out remuneration framework comprises of four segments that remember an expansion for the compensation or pay in real money, advantages, and open doors for learning and improvement alongside professional success and the progression of vocation. On account of Ace Manufacturers, the organization should move its curr ent structure to another framework. The organization is required to change its procedure and objectives of the business, its way of thinking of the board and its human asset system to pull in and holding the pool of ability. The organization ought to guarantee workers that their arrangement of remunerations is very much evolved and overseen. This prize bundle would pay and prize workers based on their exhibition. With the assistance of an absolute prizes framework the representatives are guaranteed that they are esteemed by the organization and thusly, the organization would pick up the upper hand in the market. In this way, it is necessitated that individuals are upbeat, acknowledged and perceived in the organization and a productive workplace ought to be given to them. The organization should take the choice of rebuilding the pay needs of representatives and this choice ought to be imparted to workers in a reasonable way. On account of Multiboost, there have been issues of progres s and the specialization and division of work is inadequate in productivity that has prompted the lower level of inspiration for representatives. There are likewise the circumstances of contention between the administration and the staff in the organization.

Commitment Deposit Dos and Donts - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Commitment Deposit Dos and Donts - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Commitment Deposit Dos and Donts It is almost May 1, which in the college admission world means it is time for admitted students to indicate what college they will be attending. I have always loved the Commitment image to the left, as it is an indication that colleges take commitment deposits seriously, and so should you. As such, here are a few dos and donts about the subject. Do send in a Commitment Deposit by May 1 if it is required by the college. Dont send in multiple Commitment Deposits (it is called double depositing), as this is considered a serious issue, and could lead to both colleges deciding to cancel your application (it is like asking two people to marry you). Do let the other colleges on your list know that you will not be attending their institution. UGA has a form on the myStatus page, so check with the colleges to which you have applied and how they suggest submitting this information. This helps colleges know earlier about wait-lists, enrollment numbers, etc. Dont be late with your Commitment Deposit. Most colleges will be a little flexible, but you do not want to be told that you cannot enroll because you were a week or more late with the deposit. Do finish up the year strong academically. Dont slack off and have your grades spiral down, as this could lead problems when a college sees your final transcript. Do have a good summer! Dont have such a good summer that you get into trouble. A co-worker of mine (thanks Charlie!) remembers his mother saying The only people out from 2-5 a.m. are the cops and the bad guys. If you are not one, you are the other. Go Dawgs!

Social Media And Its Impact On Society Essay - 1509 Words

With over seven thousand postsecondary institutions in the United States alone, the development of universities has become a business booming faster now than during any recorded precedent. If you live in the developed world, you’ve undoubtedly seen it for yourself; it has become impossible to even watch television or use social media without seeing flashy advertisements for such postsecondary institutions. From this exposure and other cultural factors, U.S. enrollment in postsecondary institutions has increased by 37% since just 2012 (NCES). This phenomenon of spreading educational attendance has been termed â€Å"massification† in reference to its universalization and globalization of a standardized degree system. While the change has indubitably woven itself into the fabric of our everyday surroundings, it still offers itself as a pertinent issue of debate, affecting the lives of millions of college-bound youth worldwide and sparking debate into its ethical and economic benefits and consequences. Given the severity of massification’s impact, it is crucial that we as citizens address it in all levels of policy: local, national, and global, to create a structured economic system. Many stances have been posed, advocating all positions from support to dismantling, of which I will address only a few. These viewpoints are important, however, in that their incomprehensive nature points to flaws that must be addressed within any complete handling of the massification system withinShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Social Media On Society Essay917 Words   |  4 PagesHave you thought about the impact that social media has on society? 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Through social media, people can connect, interact and exchange information such as pictures, videos and other digital media byRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1420 Words   |  6 PagesSocial media as we know has changed. Now instead of messaging we are able to video chat, and instead of not knowing where someone is now we are able to see there locations and where they live. This is all because of social media. Social media has taken the world by storm including social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram all sites where we communicate through text, videos, pictures, and much more. Rhetoric is used in social media and sometimes it can be overlooked. 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He did not seem to speak with a wide array of people that gave positive impacts social media can have, but rather focused on the negatives of the subject. Garreau did bring up valid points, however, from personal safety to the aspect of differentRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pageswaiting for their next high, society has become more and more dependent on social media. One must realize, while the use of social media in today’s society is a necessity due to the fast-paced environment that has been created, it can never fully replace the value received from personal interaction with others. The short film titled, The Library Book, perfectly illustrates this as the characters within the film learn to assimilate in a society dominated by social media. The actions of each characterRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society987 Words   |  4 Pages The Negative Impact of Social Media on Society Marylin Vos Savant once said, â€Å"Email, instant messaging, and cell phones give us fabulous ability, but because we live and work in our own little worlds, that communication is totally disorganized†. The society we live in today requires modern technology. Texting, tweeting, and other forms of abbreviated communications are now changing how we speak. Of course technology and social media to be precise, is not necessarily evil; they have boosted the world’sRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society1652 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1968, popular artist Andy Warhol had brought to attention his opinion on the over-populated celebrity society of the time with his quote â€Å"In the future, everyone will be famous for fifteen minutes†. Times change, and the future approached, but Andy may have underestimated just how true that is. Nowadays, the quote has been translated to fit the modern times, â€Å"everyone will be famous for 15mb†. The quote being changed to that says a lot about the times that we are going through right now, whichRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1224 Words   |  5 Pages Social media is a variety of platforms provided to the public as a medium for expression and communication. Seemingly, social media could be viewed as a positive contribution to society, but one must consider the underlying effects of society. Many of us don’t take into account the role that social media plays in the way we perceive things, think, and live our lives. Social media plays a critical part in societal norms. â€Å"Social norms are rules of conduct that governs interactions among individualsRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages What it Means to be Black In 2016, society is at a place where people are able to discover tons of information at the touch of a finger; this indeed can impact on how we view common things in society, such as identity. This statement holds true for â€Å"blacks† or African Americans as well. The stigma that comes with being black has been around for centuries; however, many blacks are using social media to combat negativity. In an era predicated on the use of the internet, black people have proven to

Health, The Greatest Of All We Count As Blessings Essay

Health, the greatest of all we count as blessings. - Ariphron Being and staying healthy, is very essential to a wonderful life. Health has been defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Not only do these components help the individuals that have a healthy body, it also is beneficial to everyone around them. We were not put on this earth and presented a life to waste it away sitting on the coach, eating potato chips, and being lazy bums. By leading an active life and eating nutritious foods, your quality of life with increase dramatically and you will be much happier. I believe that staying healthy is one of the most important things you can do for yourself and for others around you. The first, and probably the most important, thing you can do to improve your health is maintaining a good diet. A healthy diet not only gives you the nutrition your body needs to function, but it also provides you with a tremendous amount of energy. The food pyramid gives us a great understanding of what we should eat in order to give our bodies what they need. At the bottom of the pyramid sits the whole grains. These help with healthy weight management, reduce constipation, and reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. This food group may include pasta, whole-wheat bread, rice and crackers. The fruit and vegetable groups are just above that because they are the 2nd most important of the food groups. Some of the benefits of eating fruits and veggies include aShow MoreRelatedFriendship Idiom1516 Words   |  7 Pageshe knows that you are slightly cracked.† –Bernard Meltzer A friend is one who knows us, but loves us anyway. – Fr. Jerome Cumnings Remember, the greatest gift is not found in a store nor under a tree, but in the hearts of true friends. –Cindy Lee Who finds a faithful friends, finds a treasure. – Jewish Saying â€Å"Your friend is the man who knows all about you, and still likes you† –Elbert Hubbard What is a friend? A single soul dwelling in two bodies. –Aristotle Don’t walk in front of me, I mayRead MoreShould I Be Afraid Of Death?1126 Words   |  5 Pagestells us we have nothing to look forward to at death because when we die, there is nothing more. Authors Argument: Epicurus says that people need to start believing that death is nothing. He believes that death is the â€Å"privation of all awareness† (Epicurus, pg 103), the complete opposite of the meaning of good and evil, which is having awareness. Epicurus tells us that we must focus on the things that make us happy. In order to know we have lived a happy life we need to end our life with health and tranquilityRead MoreTourism; a Blessing or Curse1922 Words   |  8 PagesIs tourism a blessing or a curse? Tourism is defined by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) as ‘a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes’ (UNWTO, 2014). It furthermore defines the people taking part in these actions as visitors either tourists or excursionists. Moreover, tourism exhibits the activities visitors experience (UNWTO, 2014). Increasing essentiallyRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses1990 Words   |  8 Pagesperson. According to legal standards sexual assault is classified as a statutory offense. This means that it is a crime to knowingly make another engage in an unwanted sexual act whether it be forced or threatened. We live in a digital era where the internet can be a blessing and a curse all at the same time. With the foundation of what sexual assault entails laid out there can be many connections made to things possibly broadcast on the n ews, and even posted on social media. The succeeding paper willRead MoreWhenever Thinking Of Love, Our First Thought That Comes2103 Words   |  9 Pagestheir side, they incipiently look for their last shelter named â€Å"family†. Family members always lift us every time we fall, give us the confidence to continue endeavoring, and especially, never leave us in any situation. Father’s love is the shoulder we lean on when we cry in pain. Mother’s love is the hand holding us when we collapse. Sibling’s love is the ear listening to us when we feel blue. Besides these warm deeds, family love can also be expressed by strict rules of â€Å"tiger mother† who alwaysRead MoreCulturally Preparing for Death Essay2501 Words   |  11 PagesIt is understood that all roles on planet Earth are only temporary. Whether it is in Eastern or Western culture, we do not prepare for death while still alive because it something we do not want to discuss and we know we cannot give a quick fix to it or change it. Death is approaching us as we grow older. (Excluding heart attacks or accidental death where death occurs instantaneously.) It is always there in our mind, in our shadows, regardless of our beliefs about what happens after death. Read MoreLove Forever2258 Words   |  10 Pagesdelinquency, promiscuity, alcohol and drug abuse, mental illness, and suicide are all happened for the sex and the breakdown of the marriage bond. I am neither a social scientist nor a professional doctor, but I am fully aware that most of what I have written is contrary to current trend people. But I do feel the urgent need to share these to make a life of love, pure, honest, and committed. My hope is that all of us - all men and women of our time- might start to consider God s purpose for life, relationshipRead MoreCan Adversity Do Anything but Harm?4329 Words   |  18 PagesWhile people are not generally being hunted like the zebra, we do encounter the face of adversity in many sectors of our daily lives. At work, sometimes at home, from friends, acquaintances, associates, fellow workers, bosses, and even in public places such as restaurants and department stores. How you interpret, decipher and sub-consciously handle the adversity when its coming at you determines how you move forward -or dont. While we all encounter adversity, there are some who seem to encounterRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On Our Lives2197 Words   |  9 Pageseasier. The world is much more connected today than ever before. The telecommunication industry with cellular technology advancements have made it all possible and affordable for even common people. In addition, satellite communication and the internet have provided an easy way to exchange and broadcast information in seconds. And, the web servers hosted all around the world are there to make sure that any information on the web is just a mouse click way from anywhere anytime. Technology has helpedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Rose 2595 Words   |  11 Pagessees the pressure of needing to have exceptional grades to excel in order to earn a place in college, and in turn needing to have an exceptional GPA and the ability to rub elbows with others to receive a degree, a job, or place in graduate school – all in order to start a sensible career that earns money, a subjective factor of success in a business-run society. He sees it in the glances his peers throw during tests, the bags under their eyes indicating long nights of studying, and in scars across

Tom’s Shoes Free Essays

Tom’s Shoes Richard Morrow EMK 3601 Principles of Marketing October 28, 2012 The baby boomer generation may be a difficult group to reach for this company. First I don’t think canvas shoes are primary footwear for this group. The advertising campaign they have possibly will not reach them also as most of it is done thru the internet and unconventional media outlets. We will write a custom essay sample on Tom’s Shoes or any similar topic only for you Order Now I also don’t think they will react well to the buy one set of shoes and they will donate a pair on your behalf. I believe they will be skeptical about who the shoes will be donated to. They are a bit more financially conservative when it comes to buying things that are not essential. The generation X group would be a better target for Tom’s Shoes than the baby boomer generation. They are a group that in general engages in outside activities than previous generations. These shoes are good for outside activities. This group grew up wearing vans and airwalks so they may like the nostalgia of their youth with these shoes. They may be receptive to the buy a pair of shoes if another pair gets donated to people in the third world countries. They will respond to the advertisements better than the baby boomer generation as they have in general more experience with internet advertising avenues. They also in general like to be a part of helping out people which are not that well off. The millennials generation would be the best generation to target for Tom’s shoes. They are a generation that has worn canvas shoes most of their lives. This generation is the first to have digital technology all of their life. This will make them very comfortable looking at the advertisements sent thru social media, the website, and other electronic means. The group also is likely to post it online without any request from Tom’s shoes. They also are likely to spread the information that is posted online hoping to get more people participating in the cause. They will also be responsive to donating as they have not had the opportunity previously to help society as a generation. I think Tom’s shoes does well in walking the fine line between increased sales and facing charges of exploitation of third world people. He does well in that he posts exactly how many shoes have currently been given away. In 2010 he stated that they have given away more than 600,000 pairs of shoes. He is also very clear on the ratio of shoes bought and shoes donated. Their does not appear to be any hidden things with the proceeds. It is not like the things that say a portion of proceeds goes to charity. I think some people buy his shoes because they feel like they are personally making a difference in the world. They also identify with the company’s views in helping humanity halt of disease by providing shoes to halt the diseases. Work Cited Kotler, Philip, and Gary Armstrong. Principles of Marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012. Print. How to cite Tom’s Shoes, Papers

Strategic Objective Summary free essay sample

Customer Customers will help grow our business Utilize customers property to make a profit 25% Customer that allows us to place solar panels on them will be measured and increased each year. Increase our customer base Our customer base each year 15% Customer satisfaction increased Yearly survey showing the results 1% 3% Internal Processes -> Place panels on customer property Customers with solar panels on their property Panels placed on customers property and feeding back to our new location that will store the energy to be resold to others.Open need department and hire employees Department opened and increase of employees Develop a storage of energy location Building built to store energy from customers 100% Learning Make needed changes after each year Improve on issues that occur 10% Environmental savings will be helped by not needing to use natural resources of the time. Our employees satisfaction will increase as we get bigger and provide training to help improve our business. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Objective Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Employee satisfaction increased Help save the environment .

Parliamentary Sovereignty free essay sample

When we talk about Parliament and parliamentary sovereignty what exactly do we mean? Firstly we must take the word Parliament to mean not the actual Houses of Parliament themselves but instead the Acts passed by Parliament with the consent of the Commons, Lords and the Queen. The doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty is about the relationship between those who create the Acts (Parliament) and those who must apply them (courts). The argument we find ourselves trying to answer is who in fact has the supreme power? Is it the law makers or those who must apply the law? To present an analogy of the problem we could ask who has supreme power in a game of football or rugby. Is it the governing body who make the rules or is it the referee who must apply the rules in each game using his discretion as each situation occurs. The analogy may seem crude but judges find themselves in the exact position of referees. We will write a custom essay sample on Parliamentary Sovereignty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The question therefore remains, who is supreme? When Dicey published The Law of the Constitution in 1885 he identified parliamentary sovereignty as meaning that, Parliament has, under the English constitution, the right to make or unmake any law whatever; and further that no person or body is recognised by the law of England as having a right to override or set aside the legislation of Parliament. To look at this much quoted statement in more detail we can find a lot of evidence to support his view. It has been shown over the years that courts are totally unwilling to question the legitimacy of statutes unless there is some question as to them not being passed using the correct procedure. As long as an Act has passed through both Houses and received the Royal Assent judges will not argue whether or not a statute should or should not exist but will merely try to apply the statute. One of many examples of this is the case of Edinburgh Dalkeith Railway Co. v Wauchope (1842) 8 Cl F 710. In this case a man was appealing to the court against a private Act obtained by the railway company as it adversely affected him. The court however would have nothing to do with it and Lord Campbell pronounced, all that a court of justice can do is to look at the Parliamentary roll: if from that it should appear that a bill has passed both houses and received the Royal Assent, no court of justice can inquire into the mode in which it was introduced into Parliament, what was done to it previously being introduced, or what passed in Parliament during the various stages of its progress through both houses of Parliament. From this t is quite clear that courts will obey statutes as long as they are passed correctly but that ordinary courts have no jurisdiction, nor are they willing, to enquire into issues concerning the internal affairs of Parliament. This is known as the enrolled Act rule. It was again shown in the case of Ex Parte Canon Selwyn (1872) J. P. 54. and also was emphasised over a hundred years later in the case of Pickin v British Railways Board [1974] AC 763. This again concerned the plaintiff arguin g over the validity of a private Railways Act. Lord Reid reiterated the words of Lord Campbell in Edinburgh Dalkeith and stated in judgement, For a century or more both Parliament and the courts have been careful not to act so as to cause conflict between them. Any such investigations as the respondent seeks could easily lead to such a conflict, and I would only support it if compelled by clear authority. But it appears to me that the whole trend of authority for over a century is clearly against permitting any such investigation. Once again this shows the courts unwillingness to question the validity of an Act. Lord Morris also said in this case, It is the function of the courts to administer the laws which Parliament has enacted. In the process of Parliament there will be much consideration whether a bill should or should not in one form or another become an enactment. When an enactment is passed there is finality unless and until it is amended or repealed by Parliament. In the courts there may be argument as to the correct interpretation of the enactment: there must be none as to whether it should be on the statute book at all. Courts, it seems, may not even question an Act if it is contrary to international law. This was clearly demonstrated in the case of Cheyney v Conn [1968] 1 All ER 779. Here it was claimed that money from tax given under the Finance Act 1964 would be used in a way contrary to international law. The court however decided that it was not their duty to say whether the contents of the Act were just, merely it was their job to apply the Act, irrespective of fairness or j ustice. A similar case was that of R v Jordan [1967] Crim L. R. 483. This was an appeal against the Race Relations Act 1965 on the grounds that it was an infringement on freedom of speech. Again this failed as the judges were unwilling to question the validity of the Act. One final case which is worth mentioning is that of Manuel v AG [1982] 3 All ER 786,822. Here Canadian Indian chiefs tried to declare the Canada Act 1982 invalid. They argued that although it claimed to have consulted the people of Canada it had not consulted them and therefore should not have been passed. The Court of Appeal held that there was nothing they could do once the Act was passed, it was too late. Megarry V-C said that, the duty of the court is to obey and apply every Act of Parliament, and the court cannot hold any such Act to be ultra vires. This would suggest that the courts will not get involved even if Parliament has not done all it should have done in passing an Act. As long as the necessary assents have been given, or even appear to have been given, the courts will not investigate matters further. From all this it is apparent that the courts and parliament both realise that they have specific jobs to do and prefer to get on with doing those jobs. Neither like to try to interfere with what the other is doing. Courts see their role, to go back to the sporting analogy, as being referees who must apply the rules. However they do not question the validity or logic of such rules, not publicly anyway. If, for example, the government passed a rule to say that no house in England would be allowed a garden shed then the courts would obey such a rule, however futile it may be or whatever international laws it may break. Their job is not to question, merely to apply. I will look at this role more closely towards the end of the essay. It has therefore been established that Diceys doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty is, in theory, true. Parliament, it seems, can make or unmake any law it wishes and no person or body can set aside or override such legislation. However whether this is actually true in practice remains to be seen. Although UK courts are bound to obey UK statutes regardless of how fair, just or practical they are, judges do have a certain flexibility in interpreting them. It is their job not only to apply the statutes but also to give their interpretation as to what parliament hoped to achieve by such a statute. They may interpret a statute strictly if they feel this is necessary, or if it is worded in such a way that makes ambiguity impossible, or they may allow a statute a wide interpretation, often as they may feel strict application may not be just in a specific case. Judges may very possibly interpret a statute to mean one thing in one case and something completely opposite in another case but at all times must remember their duty to act lawfully. In his book Constitutional and Administrative Law John Alder gives the example of a judge who interpreted a statute imposing a prison sentence as authorising hanging would simply be acting unlawfully. What the judge may do is use his discretion as to the length of the prison sentence but not as to alternative punishments. Going back to the sporting analogy if a footballer wastes time over a throw-in the referee may warn him, give a throw-in or free kick to the opposite side and/or give the offending player a yellow card. However the referee is not authorised to send the player off in a situation such as this and in doing so he would be acting unlawfully and would be subject to disciplinary charges from the governing body. So we see that judges although allowed to offer their own, sometimes biased, interpretation they may not act outside the laws laid down by Parliament. Often the power given to judges to interpret statutes can work in favour of Parliament. It is obviously difficult for Parliament to foresee all situations that may arise when they formulate an Act. In view of this it is often useful for Parliament to word Acts in such an ambiguous way that they can be given a wide interpretation by judges according to the different circumstances of each incident that may arise. In his article The Sovereignty of Parliament-in Perpetuity? A. W. Bradley points out, once the political decision has been taken to make a change in social or economic policy, and this decision has been expressed in legislation, it is for the judges to decide authoritatively on the extent of the new rights and duties which that legislation creates. In this respect, the courts have an essential part to play in ensuring the government is conducted according to law. What Bradley is saying here is that the creation of new legislation is almost a joint venture between Parliament and the courts. Parliament, to use another analogy, lay the foundations of the building and construct the basic brickwork and it is left to the courts to finish off the finer details and provide the fixtures and fittings. This seems to me to be a just way of making and applying the law. Although courts are not authorised to set aside primary legislation they can do so with delegated legislation. One of the reasons for enacting delegated legislation is that it saves Parliament time and allows for a change in such rules quickly and without going through the complex parliamentary process. Courts are allowed to challenge delegated legislation as ultra vires if it exceeds the scope of authority confirmed by primary legislation or if the correct procedures have not been followed. In the case of Hoffman La Roche v Secretary of State for Trade and Industry [1974] 2 All ER 1128 Lord Diplock said, in constitutional law a clear distinction can be drawn between an Act of Parliament and subordinate legislation I entertain no doubt that the courts have jurisdiction to declare [subordinate legislation] to be invalid if they are satisfied that in making it the minister who did so acted out with the legislative powers conferred on him ; and this is so whether the order is ultra vires by reason of its contents (patent defects) or by reason of defects in the procedure followed prior to it being made (latent defects) This trust placed in the courts by Parliament clearly shows the importance placed in the courts concerning legislative matters. Finally I feel it necessary to give a brief mention to the question of Europe on this matter. Since England joined the European Community in 1972 there have been a number of cases in which English statutes have conflicted with those from Europe. In these cases the judges have once again used their powers of interpretation and have often construed an English statute to confirm with an EC statute. For the most part English judges have no wish to clash with the Europeans and so try to pass judgement accordingly. The cases of Garland v British Rail Engineering Ltd [1983] 2 AC 751 and Pickstone v Freemans plc AC 66 show clearly how judges apply a purposive interpretation to English statutes to make them conform. It is unclear however what would happen if Parliament enacted a statute in direct conflict to European laws. Although this is unlikely to happen on political grounds it seems English judges would be bound to apply a conflicting UK statute irrespective of European laws. Therefore to conclude it would seem that Parliamentary sovereignty is not a question of being more about the courts than about Parliament, or vice versa, it is about the two bodies working together to try and apply the law fairly. It is true however that when we talk about Parliamentary sovereignty we are not talking about Parliament having complete control as the courts do hold a certain amount of power. I have shown the powers they have in interpreting statutes and their vital importance in the application of law. It would be completely wrong to think that the judicial system is a puppet under the operation of Parliament as this puppet, as I have shown, has very much a mind of its own. Whether the courts should have more or less power is a difficult question. If they had less power we might be in danger of losing the flexibility in our judicial system, if they had more, i. e. they could override statutes, we may be faced with great inconsistencies. It seems that English courts whilst being allowed a certain amount of flexibility are still ultimately answerable to Parliament, however this seems to be more through choice than obligation.

The Worlds Most Popular Languages

The Worlds Most Popular Languages There are 6,909 languages actively  being spoken in the world today, although only about six percent of them have more than a million speakers each. As globalization becomes more common so does the learning of languages. People in many different countries see the value of learning a foreign language to improve their international business relations. Because of this, the number of people who speak certain languages will continue to rise. There are 10 languages that currently dominate the globe. Heres a list of the 10 most popular languages spoken worldwide, along with the number of countries where the language is established, and the approximate number of primary or first language speakers for that language: Chinese/Mandarin- 37 countries, 13 dialects, 1,284 million speakersSpanish- 31 countries, 437 millionEnglish- 106 countries, 372 millionArabic- 57 countries, 19 dialects, 295 millionHindi- 5 countries, 260 millionBengali- 4 countries, 242 millionPortuguese- 13 countries, 219 millionRussian- 19 countries, 154 millionJapanese- 2 countries, 128 millionLahnda- 6 countries, 119 million The Languages of China With more than 1.3 billion people living in China today, it is no surprise that Chinese is the most commonly spoken language. Due to the size of Chinas area and population, the country is able to sustain many unique and interesting languages. When speaking of languages, the term Chinese encompasses at least 15 dialects spoken in the country and elsewhere. Because Mandarin is the most commonly spoken dialect, many people use the word Chinese to refer to it. While roughly 70 percent of the country speaks Mandarin, many other dialects are spoken as well. The languages are mutually intelligible to a varying degree, depending on how close the languages are to one another. The four most popular Chinese dialects are Mandarin (898 million speakers), Wu (also known as Shanghainese dialect, 80 million speakers), Yue (Cantonese, 73 million), and Min Nan (Taiwanese, 48 million). Why Are There So Many Spanish Speakers? While Spanish is not a commonly heard language in most parts of Africa, Asia, and the majority of Europe, that hasnt stopped it from becoming the second most commonly spoken language. The spread of the Spanish  language is rooted in colonization. Between the 15th and 18th centuries, Spain colonized much of South, Central, and large parts of North America as well. Before being incorporated into the United States, places like Texas, California, New Mexico, and Arizona were all part of Mexico, a former Spanish colony. While Spanish is not a common language to hear in most of Asia, it is very common in the Philippines because it too was once a colony of Spain. Like Chinese, there are many dialects of Spanish. The vocabulary between these dialects varies greatly depending on what country one is in. Accents and pronunciation also change between regions. While these dialectical differences can sometimes cause confusion, they do not block cross-communication between speakers. English, a Global Language English too, was a colonial language: British colonial efforts began in the 15th century and lasted until the early 20th century, including places as far flung as North America, India and Pakistan, Africa, and Australia. As with Spains colonial efforts, each country colonized by Great Britain retains some English speakers. After World War II, the United States led the world in both technological and medical innovation. Because of this, it was considered beneficial for students pursuing work in these fields to learn English. As globalization occurred, English became a shared common language. This caused many parents to push their children to study English as a second language in the hopes of better preparing them for the business world. English is also a useful language for travelers to learn because it is spoken in so many parts of the globe. A Global Language Network Since the popularity of social media, the development of a Global Language Network can be mapped using book translations, Twitter, and Wikipedia. These social networks are only available to elites, people with access to both traditional and new media. Statistics of use from these social networks indicate that while English is definitely the central hub in the Global Language Network, other intermediate hubs used by elites to communicate business and science information include German, French, and Spanish. Currently, languages such as Chinese, Arabic, and Hindi are vastly more popular than German or French, and it is likely that those languages will grow in use of traditional and new media. Sources Simons, Gary F., and Charles D. Fennig. Ethnologue: Languages of the World. SIL International 2017. Web. Accessed January 30, 2018Population, Total. World Bank 2017. Web. Accessed January 30, 2018.Ronen, Shahar, et al. Links That Speak: The Global Language Network and Its Association with Global Fame. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111.52 (2014): E5616-22. Print.Tang, Chaoju, and Vincent J. van Heuven. Mutual Intelligibility of Chinese Dialects Experimentally Tested. Lingua 119.5 (2009): 709-32. Print.Ushioda, E. M. A. The Impact of Global English on Motivation to Learn Other Languages: Toward an Ideal Multilingual Self. The Modern Language Journal 101.3 (2017): 469-82. Print.

Researching the Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Researching the Market - Assignment Example The product success depends on the correct identification of the target market and, so an awareness campaign was useful in letting consumers know that the product exists in the market. The product was sampled to various consumers and the feedback we collected from consumers was helpful in identifying the target market for the new product. This segmentation divides the market of the product into groups through the year depending on the occasions that the consumer chooses to embrace. On these occasions, the consumer will consume the product more than the other regular times and so production of the product will have to cater for these occasions. Consumers are bound to identify the various benefits of the new product depending on its features or characteristics and use it for those benefits. We therefore, have to take advantage of the benefits identified by the consumer. This means dividing the market into different geographical regions like cities, countries, population densities and the like. This will enable us have a larger market area and also be at a position to bust sales by catering for the individual consumer needs in the various geographical areas. According to (Reid and Bajanic, 2009) these are age, gender, level of income and the amount of education. The target market usually always has similar such characteristics like the same age group and the same level of Education. It is fundamental to know the demographics of the target market because by understanding the target market’s demographic we will be able to create a unique and compelling selling point and also be able to package and present the product in a manner that will entice the target market. The demographic for the target market is likely to be a group of both male and female who are between the ages of 25 to 40 years. The target market’s is also likely to have a college degree and earn approximately $25,000 to $35,000 per year. The target market for the novel product is most

Gem Infosys Incident-Response Policy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gem Infosys Incident-Response Policy - Coursework Example The first is the initial evaluation/assesm1ent.This entails determining whether an incident exists or not so that appropriate response established. The second policies involve defining the communication channel that will be followed to inform the leaders that an incident has identified. The third policy is risk/damage minimization. This is where the risk of self-replicating warms may be minimized by making sure that the workstation is disconnected from the hub to prevent further replication of warms. The fourth policy involves determining the severity of the warms attack as well as exact point of origin where those warms are coming from so that they can be contained. The fifth policy entails protecting the other systems against the identified security threats to avoid further losses. System security against warms may be enhanced by installing firewalls as well as transmitting organization data via secured networks. The sixth policy involves system recovery. This is where; the data an d information that was damage through network breakdowns may be recovered using special software such as Acronis. The seventh policy involves assessing the cost and damages caused by the incident for proper responses. Lastly but is updating the policies on a regular basis so that they remain relevant to organization needs (Shimonski, 2003). In order to prevent future network breakdowns, Gem Infosys should carry out the following activities namely: reduce the number of systems severity, integrate the activities of Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT), damage control, and having a well-defined incident response plan. The Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) should formulate and monitor the incident response plan.  

Strategic Planning And Analysis Of Primark Marketing Essay

Strategic Planning And Analysis Of Primark Marketing Essay Strategic Planning is a complete process about making strategies, or direction, and allocation of recourses to achieve targets. There are numbers of business analysis techniques which can be used in strategic planning and these are SWOT Analysis PEST Analysis STEER Analysis EPISTEL Analysis Strategic planning simply describes the main objectives and future targets of the organization and the efficient and effective process to achieve those targets. Strategic planning covers three main areas which are as follows Present Position Future Prospects and targets Means to achieve those targets PRIMARK Primark is a one of the leading clothing chain of UK. It was founded in June 1969 in Mary Street Dublin under the trading name of PENNEYS. The store added four more brances in local area within its first year of operation. The first store which was opened outside Dublin was opened in Cork in 1971. In that year there were 12 more stores opened 11 in irland and 1 in Northeren Irland. Move Into Great Britain In 1973, four out-of-town stores opened and like this Primark began its trading operations in Great Britain. In 1984, the first multiple acquisition took place when five Woolworth stores were purchased in Ireland. Further in 1984 to 1994 in ten year period Primark opened 25 stores together in UK and Ireland. In 1992 one of BHS stores was purchased and added in the chain. The year 1995 was the year in which primark made most of its expension when the acquisition of the BHS One-Up-Discount chain took place. With this major expension 16 sotres wew added in UK region and most of them in Greater London with a significant sizes. Another major aquisation was in 1999 when 11 Co-Op stores were added. In 2000, another 11 stores acquired from C A. In October 2001 massive store was opened in Manchester. Primark continued its expension in the following year. As a result, number of reached to 109 in the end of 2001 consisting 75 in Uk and 34 in Ireland. In 2005 six stores were acquired from Allders. In April 2007 two more stores were opened, one in London and the other one was in Livelpool. Entrance to Europe Primark entered in Europe by opening a store in Spain in May 2006 and later in the same year in Semtember a second store was opened in Murica. In 2007 two stores were opened in Spain and in Xanadu. In 2008 three more sotres were opened in Bilbao, Islazul and in Oviedo. In the same year more braches were open in Parque, Zaragoza, Asturias and Coruna. Primark entered in Netherlands market in 2008 by opening its first store in Rotterdam. In 2009 more stores were added in eorupe business by opening the branches in Portugal, Germany and Belgium. Currently, In total 196 stores are in business under the name of PRIMARK. The counts is as follows   Region Number of Branches UK   138 Ireland 38   Spain 14 Portugal 2 The Netherlands   1 Belgium 1 Germany 2 Total 196 STRATEGIC PLANNING HISTORY OF PRIMARK Primark is second largest clothing retailer and runs 13 department including Children wear, women wear, men wear, foot wear, assocries and house holds. New and fashion able clothing with cheap prices are very challenging task among the high intensity of competition among the competitors. Primark has a firmly defined target consumers which are under 35 age group. There are two main methods to earn profits more than normal rates, by establishing a product leader ship or can be through cost leader ship. Primark established a cost leadership because in cost leader ship the firm supplies same product at lower price rather then to provide strong differentiation as like in product leader shipe where coustomers are ready to pay high prices. Primark established a strong strategy of cost leader ship. This strategy is pursued by companies selling affordable products across all sectors. In united states, Southewest Airline has same strategy with success in aviation sector. To maintain this strategy Primark always focuses on buying, logistics and supply chain management. To get world wide fashion trends and discovering of cheap supplies a separate team has been set in UK that travels all over the world. The company sources the manufacturing of its clothes to developing countries like India which have cheap labor. With this strategy PRIMARK saves huge cost. Primark also keep a strong warehousing and distribution network because of its strategy to reduce the time-to-market to as less as possible. To keep that promise Primark uses computerized customs clearance. TNT who provide logestic service world wide, dedicates one of its huge ware house exclusively to Primark stock distribution. Primark established a customer confidence about its cheap price promises. To sustain this strategy Primark has to maintain high efficiency level and effective cost controls on on going basis. WOOLWORTHS Woolworths, the high street retail chain that collapsed in 2008, was founded in 1909. Since then it had grown into a chain of about 800 stores. But the recent history is one of trials and tribulations that ended in entering into administration in November 2008. The retailer faced intense competition from supermarket chains like Sainsbury, Tesco etc. Lately it had entered into entertainment and electronics retail after its acquisition of Entertainment UK. In September 2008, Woolworths announced a pre-tax loss of pound 99 million for the six months ending on August 2, 2008. The company then embarked on a turnaround plan. It decided to sell 120 stores, axe about one-fourth of its products from the stores , reduce web operations and cut jobs. In 2008 the financial crisis brought a severe credit squeeze. The companys banks, GMAC and Burdale decided to recall their loans. The company that was burdened with debts worth pound 385 million had to enter administration. By January 2009 all 807 Woolworths stores in UK were closed. But Woolworths was more a casualty of its flawed strategic planning than the economic recession. STRATEGIC PLANNING AT WOOLWORTH Woolworths strategy had no target segment or focus point. It lacked a single Unique Selling Proposition ( USP).Its product leadership was in the pic n mix sweets. In other product segments like music, books toys etc it was neither a product leader nor a cost leader. (Chandler 1990) Even in the childrens clothes and school uniform segment it soon lost its leadership to retailers like Asda and Tesco. Woolworths strategy had always been to achieve cost leadership. The original US chain founded by Frank Woolworth sold everything at 5 cents. When the chain opened its first store in UK in Liverpool, every item was priced below 6 pence. Woolworths pursued successfully this cost leadership strategy for many years after that. It reached its peak in the 60s and 70s. The company hardly spent anything on branding. Its stores were without frills. But lately the company lost its cost leadership to discounters like Wilkinsons, Tesco etc. Almost anything that it sold now, the competitors were able to sell at a lower or at least the same price. Woolworths was also using a lot of debt or leverage in its capital structure. It was also using debt to open new stores. While it was opening new stores, many of its existing stores were in mess. Another part of Woolworths strategy, right from the beginning, was to sell a variety of merchandise. In its early days the chain was able to undersell its competitors through mass production. This strategy worked so well that at one point of time Woolworth was opening one new store every seventeen days. The IPO of Woolworths in the London Stock Exchange was so successful that for just 15% offloading of its equity in Woolworths UK, the parent company was able to give its shareholders a dividend of 90 cents for every dollar worth of their shares. During the World War-2 the company suffered badly with many of its stores bombed and destroyed during the air raids. Prominent among them was the bombing of the New Cross High Street store in which 160 people were killed. The post-war inflation forced it to give up its under six pence strategy. (Cooper 2003) Woolworths then capitalized on the pop mania of Beatles. It made a fortune selling the Beatles merchandise like dolls and other mascots. It followed this by expanding its entertainment offerings. For opening new stores, Woolworth was taking the real estate on rent or lease. At the last count it had about 700 landlords. Its lease payments were rising at the rate of 2.5% per year. Its rent bill had soared from pound 70 million in 1998 to pound 160 million in 2008. So when the credit crunch and the recession started, Woolworths had no fixed assets to fall back on. After its demerger with Kingfisher in 1982, Woolworths aimed long term growth through operating the following: (Coulson 2004) Hypermarkets. The Big W stores. Woolworths general stores. Streets online. But the company soon reversed its strategy, discontinued the above three stores and started focusing once again on its traditional strength products like confectionery, toys and entertainment. But in spite of narrowing its focus in order to cut costs, Woolworths was not able to match competitors like Wilkinson and Poundland which ate into its market share. Even in the range of product offering, it proved to be no match to Tesco.Its price points were higher and it also lost out on the convenience quotient. When all its strategies failed to bring a turnaround it approached the restructuring specialist Hilco. Hilco agreed to buy Woolworth for a nominal sum of pound 1 and take pound 300 million debt of the retailer. But at the last minute the deal was thwarted by its lenders, Burdale and GMAC. This led the retailer into administration in November 2008, just before the peak Christmas season. (Fifield 1998) COMPARISON AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF PRIMARK AND WOOLWORTHS The strategic plan of Primark consisted of the strategy of growing inorganically as well as organically. For inorganic growth it made strategic acquisitions. For its organic growth the company successfully pursued cost leadership. It was also successful in churning out fashionable clothes that were up to the latest trends. And it churned these at very affordable prices. It did so through strategically using outsourcing and having an integrated supply chain that was extremely fast in delivering. It has a much focused target segment of consumers. (Fleming 2009) If we conduct the SWOT analysis of Primark, we get the following: Strengths- Its cost leadership and its supply chain and logistics processes. These have become a source of competitive advantage for the company. Weakness- It is not into branding. Lack of having brands with high brand equity may hurt its profitability in future. Excessive reliance on outsourcing for manufacturing and supply chain processes make it dependent on suppliers and vendors. Opportunities- There are huge opportunities for retailers of discount fashion clothing. The recession has reduced the disposable income and the consumers have become more value conscious. Threats- The company has recently come under the attack of anti-poverty campaigners for the sweat shops in Bangladesh and India. The company is fighting off its reputation of being an unethical company driven solely by the lust for more profits. On the competitive front it has tough competition in the form of Marks Spencer, Debenhams etc. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF PRIMARK Threat of competitors or intensity of rivalry- The competitive rivalry is reasonably high in the discount fashion segment. Threat of substitutes- The threat of substitutes is high. Fashionable clothes have a large number of substitutes. Bargaining power of suppliers- Discount chains like Primark use a lot of outsourcing from developing countries like India, Bangladesh etc. The bargaining power of these suppliers is low as they are dependent for their revenues on large clients like Primark. Bargaining power of customers- The bargaining power of customers is high. Customers of discount chains like Primark are bargain hunters who look for the best bargain. (Oakland 2003) Threat of new entrants- To produce fashionable clothes at the lowest prices is quite a challenging task. This raises naturally a high barrier to entry. Thus the threat of new entrants is significantly lowered. CORE COMPETENCY OF PRIMARK Core competency is that capability which is central to the existence of a business or corporation. A capability or set of capabilities qualify as core competency if they have the following attributes: (Peter 1989) It is the source of value proposition to the customers. It is difficult for competitors to acquire similar capabilities. The capabilities can be leveraged across different products and markets. The core competency of Primark is to produce fashionable clothes for as low prices as possible. It has been able to do so through entering into strategic partnerships with companies like TNT logistics and outsourcing manufacturing to cheap offshore locations like Bangladesh. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF PRIMARK The value chain of any organization is divided into two types of activities: Primary activities. Secondary activities. The primary activities of the value chain comprise the following: Inbound logistics. Manufacturing. Outbound logistics. Marketing and Sales. Services. The secondary activities include: Human Resource Management. Technology support and research and development. Procurement. Primark has been able to gain and sustain competitive advantage by focusing on inbound logistics (supply chain), outbound logistics (distribution network), manufacturing (outsourcing to cheaper destinations), technology support (computerized supply chain and distribution connected to point of sales). (Pride, Hughes, Kapoor 2009) As far as its marketing strategy is concerned it has responded to the 4Ps of the marketing mix in the following ways: Product- It has been able to understand the latest trends in fashion. A team of experts travels across the globe and monitors new trends in fashion. Price- The company has been able to deliver the products at very low prices. Place- Primark has an effective distribution network. Its stores are located strategically. Promotion- Primark does not spend too much in branding or promotions. Woolworths, on the other hand, lacked a clear strategic plan. It seemed to be bungling with its strategy. It made many strategic experiments, all of which failed to sustain the 99 year old chain. The SWOT analysis of Woolworths, done retrospectively, reveals the following: Strengths- A ninety-nine years old brand name and a reasonable number of loyal customers. It has a very high brand recall and brand recognition. Weakness- It has no target segment. It lacks product leadership as well as cost leadership. It is trying to sell too many products and is competing across too many categories. Opportunities- The opportunities for discount retailers are always high, especially for high street retailers like Woolworths. Threats- The threats are many. It is using too much debt. It is into too many lease agreements. Most of its stores are on rent. It lacks fixed assets to fall back upon. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF WOOLWORTHS The five forces analysis of Woolworths, if done just before its collapse, reveals the following: (Robert 2008) Threat of competitors- Formidable competitors in the likes of Wilkinson, Tesco etc. Wilkinson and Poundland are especially threatening as they are eating into the share of Woolworths. Threat of Substitutes- The threat of substitutes is high in the retail industry. Bargaining power of the customers- The intensity of competition, the business model to offer products at discounted rates; all serve to increase the bargaining power of customers of a chain like Woolworths. Bargaining power of suppliers- The bargaining power of suppliers is not that high. But since Woolworths was operating on rented real-estate, the bargaining power of landlords (suppliers of real estate) had increased tremendously. The annual rise in the rate of rents of Woolworths was 2.5%. Threat of new entrants- The capital intensive nature of the business raises barriers to entry. Thus the threat of new entrants is not that high. CORE COMPETENCY OF WOOLWORTHS The core competency of Woolworths had been once its capability to offer the lowest cost products in categories like children clothing. It also enjoyed product leadership in pic n mix sweets which it continued to enjoy till its very last days. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF WOOLWORTHS The key to maintaining cost leadership is managing the value chain activities well. Woolworths failed to manage these value chain activities as well as competitors like Tesco, Poundland etc.It was unable to get the lowest cost supplies. Its distribution (outbound logistics) was such that was unable to enhance its convenience quotient. During its hey-days the company was efficient in large scale manufacturing that enabled it to get lowest cost products through economies of scale. Later on it failed to manage this value chain activity as well. Because of the mismanagement of its value chain activities, Woolworths soon lost its competitive advantage. Primark was able to execute the how question of its strategic plan well. It was able to have such processes that enabled it to achieve its objectives. Woolworths failed on both what and how aspects of strategic planning. It lacked vision about where it wanted to reach in future. And since it did not know where to go (goals and objectives), it also did not know how to reach there. Its strategy was like groping in the dark. It was opening too many stores on debt; it had no target segment and finally it was dealing in too many products. As a result both diseconomies of scale and scope had set in. (Sheshinski, Strom, Baumol 2007) OUTCOME OF THE TWO COMPANIES The outcomes have been starkly opposite for both the companies. For the year to 12 September, 2009, Primarks sales jumped by 20%. Its profits were up by 8% to pound 252 million. The company has acquired the nicknames of Primarni or Pradamark because of its ability to sell catwalk fashion at rock bottom prices. In the recession hit economy of UK, which has entered its six consecutive quarter of GDP contraction, Primark has increased its retail space by 9%. It opened six new stores in UK since the recession started.The chain also contributed 40% to the profits of AB foods which is its holding company. Its stores in the continent are also performing well, especially those in Germany. To support its high rate of growth during recession, Primark opened a new distribution centre in Thrapston, Northampton shire. On the other hand, the recession proved to be the final nail in the coffin of Woolworths. Its debt of pound 340 million proved to be too much. All efforts to salvage it failed when its lenders, GMAC and Burdale, recalled their loans. In November 2008 it entered into administration. Neville Kahn, Dann Butters and Nick Dargan of Deloitte were appointed joint administrators. On 26th November 2008, trading in the Woolworth groups shares was suspended. The 807 stores of Woolworths were closed in phases. In the last days, the stores offered discounts as high as 90% in order to dispose of their merchandise. Some of the stores have been reported to have sold their fixtures and fittings also. 207 of these stores closed two days after Christmas on 27th December 2008. The remaining stores were also closed by 6th January 2009. Approximately 30000 jobs were lost as the 99 year old chain went under, in its centenary year. Now Woolworths has come in its new incarnation of a purely online store from its earlier version of a brick-and-mortar retail chain. After it entered administration and was closed down the Woolworths brand name was bought by Shop Direct Group. On 2nd February 2009, Shop Direct announced its intention to continue Woolworth as a purely online store.The online store uses the same URL as the earlier Woolworths groups retail website, Woolworths.co.uk. The outcomes of the strategic planning could not have been more different for both the companies. Primark capitalized on the need of lower cost fashionable clothes during the current recession. Woolworths through its faulty strategic planning, or more accurately, through its lack of strategic planning became its prey.

An Interdependent Parter

Created a section of relationships known as interdependent partners. An interdependent parter is someone who you've been with for more than 3 years, have a child by birth or adoption, committed to each other, emotionally and economically viable as a couple. This picture shows a happy couple who aren't married, who are committed to each other. But you can't see from a picture whether there economically viable or good parents to a child.A picture can show the right things but you dont' know if they actually practice them. Two people in a relationship living together who are not legally married. This picture shows a couple living together in an apartment who aren't legally married. This shows the direct definition of a common law relationship. Every provinces has different requirements to get married. Some of the required things are consent, proper mental capacity, being the minimum age, the person you intend to marry can't be close family, and neither one of you can be currently married. This photo shows a wedding taking place. If both parties meet all requirements so they can be legally married. When a married couple lives in separate houses but is still legally married. This photo shows a man packing boxes to move. Because they have decided to separate his wife will stay in the house they bought together and he will have to find somewhere else to live. The due process that legally ends a marriage. This picture shows a man and a women in a court room with lawyers to begin a divorce settlement. Guardians have three responsibilities; supporting the child off their own salary, to ensure all necessities of life are available to the child, to help the child through their physical, emotional, and psychological growth.Neglect: failure to provide basic necessities of lifePhysical abuse: physically harming a child with malice of forethoughtSexual abuse: Sexually assaulting the childEmotional abuse: Harming the child's self esteem, insulting and yelling at them.This photo shows a logo for the children's aid society, one of the services children can reach to if they are being abused or neglected. After parents of a child split up, courts decide where the child will live and who will be his legal guardian. There can be split custody deals where certain parents have him for certain days, or it can be unilateral. This photo shows a child sitting while his parents fight over custody. This shows how intense the fight is and the effect it has on the child. Legal document that states how a persons possessions will be distributed after their death. This is a photo of a will, a legal document that can't be tapered with. The person who creates the will. This photo shows a hand writing a will, the person writing it is the only person who can modify it.

Happiness Express, Inc. Essay

The primary audit objectives that auditors hope to accomplish by confirming the client’s year-end accounts receivable are if the purchaser is real and confirms the balance (existence) and that the transactions that should have been were recorded correctly (completeness). Since confirmations go outside the firm being audited and ask the customers or vendors to confirm or deny amounts that the company is reporting, they also give valuation. The confirmation process lets the auditor figure out if a client even exists and if the correct balances were recorded. The objectives for performing year-end sales cut-off tests is to ensure the transactions are recorded in the correct accounting period (timing/cutoff) and that all the recorded transactions should have been recorded and actually took place (completeness/occurrence). Mistakes or errors in judgment that Coopers & Lybrand may have made in trying to confirm the Wow Wee in 1995 receivable were notifying Michael Goldman that they were going to seek confirmation from Wow Wee, allowing Goldman to do the follow up contact with Wow Wee when the confirmation wasn’t returned, and not doing any follow-up procedures when they finally did receive a conformation from Wow Wee, which ended up being fabricated by Goldberg. I think these mistakes and errors definitely involve negligence in the part of the auditor for over involving Goldberg in the process of confirming Wow Wee’s accounts. I also believe they were reckless because there seems to be no professional skepticism at play. Wow Wee being a toy manufacturing, not responding to their confirmation requests, and having large orders near the year end did not being enough to signal to the auditors that something suspicious is happening is pure recklessness. Even if it did not seem like fraud simply relying on a faxed confirmation was over and beyond negligence. Coopers and Lybrand auditors should have confirmed West Coast Liquidators’ receivables because they accounted for about 13% of Happiness Espress’s accounts receivable and a confirmation would have been the proper way to ensure the existence of those accounts.

Eating Disorders Essay - 1109 Words

RUNNING HEAD: EATING DISORDERS Eating Disorders Cassandra M. Alexander Florida State College at Jacksonville Eating Disorders Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness. Three of the most discussed are anorexia, bulimia, and what researchers call EDNOS (eating disorder not otherwise specified). Each of the eating disorders can be fatal in their own way. What are the signs, what do they do to you and your body, and what can be done to treat the problem? Researchers have studied long and hard into these three disorders so that those questions could be answered to the best of their ability. In this paper, the outcomes of the research that was done and the thesis†¦show more content†¦amp; Twaddle, S., 2007). Yes, all these things are dangerous to one’s health. The treatments for anorexia nervosa include short-term weight gain. The overall prognosis for patients with anorexia is dependant of wether treatment is received or not (Morris, J. amp; Twaddle, S., 2007). Some people with eating disorders wait until the very last moment to even attempt to get help because they don’t see that they have a problem. Bulimia nervosa is a second eating disorder that needs attention drawn to it. Bulimia was pretty much unknown before the mid 1970’s (Dippel, N. amp; Becknal, K., 1987). Bulimia consists of binging and purging (eating as much as possible and then throwing it up). In a study that was conducted it was found that after bulimics had attempted several diets without success, they then became aware of vomiting or laxatives as a means to weight loss (Herzog, 1982). The symptoms of bulimia heave to do with preoccupations with food, weight, body image, and ridding themselves of ingested food (Dippel, N. amp; Becknal, K., 1987). Most people throw up because they feel guilty for consuming all the foods they know they shouldn’t have. They vomit not only to get rid of the food but to get rid of any unwanted feelings and emotions. Most patients begin purging approximately 1 year after the binge eating has started. As scary as the facts may s ound, what is even scarier is the affectsShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1205 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders in Today’s World Eating disorders are alive and well in today’s world and they are a major problem. An eating disorder can look like a few different things, ranging from a severe reduction of food intake to over eating to feelings of negativity towards your body shape or weight (Lehigh University). While some disorders can only be found in specific age groups, races, etc., eating disorders can be found amongst all and it does not necessarily have to be pointed towards food (LehighRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1184 Words   |  5 Pagesas an eating disorder. Weir (2016) goes on to explain the origins behind eating disorders in individuals. 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Doing eitherRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1104 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorder is a serious problem happens in both men and women. Eating disorder is a sort of disease in which a person is having a strange routine of eating like consuming a huge amount of food each time they eat. This can incorporate not eating enough nourishment or indulging. Eating disorder influence many people around the world. The larger part of peoples who are dealing with this issue are ladies. A person with eating disorder issue may focus nonsensically on their weight and shape. EatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1410 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"An eating disorder is about anxiety and control and healing from trauma and food and weight are just the tools of destruction† (Floyd, Mim ms, Yelding, 2008). An eating disorder is defined as a severe disturbance in eating behavior. 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They can come in the form of overeating, or not eating enough, they are oftenRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1496 Words   |  6 PagesAn eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amount of food, but as some point, the urge to eat less or more has gotten out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and a binge-eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1031 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The eating disorder is a very jealous and abusive partner. It requires a lot of devotion in the extent that you have to devote yoursel f to tending to the anorexia. There s not a lot of time left over for adult life,† was stated by Dr. Doug Bunnell, a specialist in eating disorders. Eating disorders effect a variety of people. Age, race, and gender aren’t role playing keys in eating disorders. Not everyone gets an eating disorder, but if they do then, it will more than likely destroy their livesRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1906 Words   |  8 Pagesobtain their body goal, thus causing an eating disorder. An eating disorder is a psychological condition that is characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits. There are three types of eating disorders; which are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating.These disorders affect all aspects of a person’s life, including their psychological, emotional, and physical health. There are many factors that contribute to individuals developing eating disorders including: genetics, family pressuresRead MoreEating Disorders : Ea ting Disorder1235 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders Eating disorders are a very serious psychological condition that affects your mind so that you are more focused on your food and weight than you are on everything else. The most known and most commonly diagnosed eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder; however, these are not the only eating disorders. Eating disorders cause psychical and psychological problems, which at their worst can even become life threating. Statistics show that more women are affected